明治民法（明治29・31年）

Partners entitled to management and directors are liable to a fine of not less than 5 yen and not exceeding 50 yen in the following cases :—

i. If they fail to effect in the Commercial Register any entry in this Chapter prescribed ;

ii. If they commence business operations before registration.

Directors of joint-stock companies are liable to a fine of not less than 5 yen and not exceeding 50 yen in the following cases :—

i. If they fail to keep a list of shareholders, or keep the same incorrectly ;

ii. If, in the event of dissolution of the company, they fail to convene a general meeting, or fail to communicate the fact of dissolution to the shareholders.

Directors of joint-stock companies are liable to a fine of not less than 20 yen and not exceeding 200 yen in the following cases:—

i. If they repay the amount of a share in whole or in part in contravention of the provisions of Article 216 ;

ii. If, in contravention of the provisions of Article 217, they acquire for the company its own shares, take them in pledge, or fail to sell them publicly:

iii. If they pay interest or dividends to shareholders in contravention of the provisions of Articles 218 and 219 ;

iv. If, in the case of Article 225, they obstruct the examination of the state of the treasury and assets of the company, of its books and all its papers, or refuse to give the information required.

The penalty in this Article prescribed applies also to partners entitled to management and to directors of a limited partnership, if they pay interest or dividends to partners in contravention of the provisions of Article 153.

The liquidators of joint-stock companies are liable to a fine of not less than 10 yen and not exceeding 100 yen in the following cases:—

i. If they fail to issue the advertisement in Article 243 prescribed ;

ii. If, in contravention of the provisions of Article 253, they fail to cause proceedings in bankruptcy to be instituted.

Liquidators of joint-stock companies are liable to a fine of not less than 20 yen and not exceeding 200 yen in the following cases :—

i. If they make any payment to creditors in contravention of the provisions of Article 244 ;

ii. If they distribute assets amongst the shareholders in contravention of the provisions of Article 249.

The fines prescribed in the preceding Articles are imposed by order of the Court. Against such order immediate complaint may be raised.

Partners entitled to management, directors, or liquidators are jointly and severally liable for the payment of such fines.

Partners entitled to management, directors, inspectors or liquidators are in the following cases, liable to a penalty of not less than 50 yen and not exceeding 500 yen, and in cases of an aggravated character are in addition liable to be punished with major imprisonment for a period not exceeding one year:—

i. If they knowingly make, orally or in writing, to the authorities or to a general meeting any false statement concerning the present condition of the property or the course of business of the partnership or company or, with dishonest intent conceal such condition or course of business ;

ii. If in any notice or advertisement they make any false statement, or conceal the true facts of the case.

Officers and assistants of a partnership or company, other than those aforementioned, who are concerned with them in the commission of the said offences are also liable to the said punishment.

Partners entitled to management and directors are liable to a fine of not less than 5 yen and not exceeding 50 yen in the following cases :—

i. If they fail to effect in the Commercial Register any entry in this Chapter prescribed ;

ii. If they commence business operations before registration.

Directors of joint-stock companies are liable to a fine of not less than 5 yen and not exceeding 50 yen in the following cases :—

i. If they fail to keep a list of shareholders, or keep the same incorrectly ;

ii. If, in the event of dissolution of the company, they fail to convene a general meeting, or fail to communicate the fact of dissolution to the shareholders.

Directors of joint-stock companies are liable to a fine of not less than 20 yen and not exceeding 200 yen in the following cases:—

i. If they repay the amount of a share in whole or in part in contravention of the provisions of Article 216 ;

ii. If, in contravention of the provisions of Article 217, they acquire for the company its own shares, take them in pledge, or fail to sell them publicly:

iii. If they pay interest or dividends to shareholders in contravention of the provisions of Articles 218 and 219 ;

iv. If, in the case of Article 225, they obstruct the examination of the state of the treasury and assets of the company, of its books and all its papers, or refuse to give the information required.

The penalty in this Article prescribed applies also to partners entitled to management and to directors of a limited partnership, if they pay interest or dividends to partners in contravention of the provisions of Article 153.

The liquidators of joint-stock companies are liable to a fine of not less than 10 yen and not exceeding 100 yen in the following cases:—

i. If they fail to issue the advertisement in Article 243 prescribed ;

ii. If, in contravention of the provisions of Article 253, they fail to cause proceedings in bankruptcy to be instituted.

Liquidators of joint-stock companies are liable to a fine of not less than 20 yen and not exceeding 200 yen in the following cases :—

i. If they make any payment to creditors in contravention of the provisions of Article 244 ;

ii. If they distribute assets amongst the shareholders in contravention of the provisions of Article 249.

The fines prescribed in the preceding Articles are imposed by order of the Court. Against such order immediate complaint may be raised.

Partners entitled to management, directors, or liquidators are jointly and severally liable for the payment of such fines.

Partners entitled to management, directors, inspectors or liquidators are in the following cases, liable to a penalty of not less than 50 yen and not exceeding 500 yen, and in cases of an aggravated character are in addition liable to be punished with major imprisonment for a period not exceeding one year:—

i. If they knowingly make, orally or in writing, to the authorities or to a general meeting any false statement concerning the present condition of the property or the course of business of the partnership or company or, with dishonest intent conceal such condition or course of business ;

ii. If in any notice or advertisement they make any false statement, or conceal the true facts of the case.

Officers and assistants of a partnership or company, other than those aforementioned, who are concerned with them in the commission of the said offences are also liable to the said punishment.

Die Gründer, die geschäftsführenden Gesellschafter und die Mitglieder des Vorstandes einer Gesellschaft, die Vertreter einer ausländischen Gesellschaft, die Mitglieder des Aufsichtsrats und die Aufteiler verfallen einer Ordnungsstrafe von 5 bis 500 Yen, wenn sie:

1. Die in diesem Buche vorgeschriebenen Eintragungen zu bewirken unterlassen;

2. es unterlassen, die in diesem Buche vorgeschriebenen öffentlichen Bekanntmachungen zu erlassen oder Mitteilungen zu machen, oder unrichtige Bekanntmachungen erlassen oder unrichtige Mitteilungen machen;

3. Schriftstücke, deren Einsicht sie nach den Bestimmungen dieses Buches gestatten müssen, ohne berechtigten Grund nicht einsehen lassen;

4. eine gemäß den Bestimmungen dieses Buches vorgenommene Prüfung stören;

5. die Vorbereitungen der Eröffnung des Geschäftsbetriebs entgegen den in Art. 46 gegebenen Bestimmungen beginnen;

6. den Bestimmungen der Art. 126, 2 und 238, 2 zuwider es unterlassen, Zeichnungsscheine anzufertigen oder die darin aufzuführenden Tatsachen nicht aufführen oder unrichtige Tatsachen aufführen;

7. Aktienscheine entgegen den Bestimmungen der Art. 147, 1 oder 217, 2 ausgeben ;

8. die in Aktienscheinen oder Schuldverschreibungen aufzuführenden Tatsachen nicht aufführen oder unrichtige Tatsachen aufführen;

9. die Satzung, das Aktienbuch, das Schuldverschreibungsbuch, die Protokolle über die Beschlüsse der Generalversammlungen, das Vermögensverzeichnis, die Bilanz, die Geschäftsberichte, Gewinn- und Verlustberechnungen, sowie die auf die Reserve und die Verteilung des Gewinnes oder der Zinsen bezüglichen Vorschläge in der Hauptniederlassung oder in der Zweigniederlassung nicht niederlegen oder Tatsachen, welche darin einzutragen sind, nicht eintragen oder unrichtige Einträge machen;

10. entgegen den Bestimmungen der Art. 174, 1 oder 198, 2 es unterlassen, die Generalversammlung der Aktionäre zu berufen.

Die Gründer, die geschäftsführenden Gesellschafter und die Mitglieder des Vorstands einer Gesellschaft, der Vertreter einer ausländischen Gesellschaft, die Mitglieder des Aufsichtsrats und die Aufteiler verfallen einer Ordnungsstrafe von 10 bis 1000 Yen, wenn sie:

1. Einer Behörde oder einer Generalversammlung gegenüber unwahre Erklärungen abgeben oder Tatsachen verheimlichen;

2. entgegen den Bestimmungen der Art. 78—80 eine Verschmelzung, eine Verfügung über das Gesellschaftsvermögen, eine Herabsetzung des Kapitals oder eine Änderung der Organisation der Gesellschaft vornehmen;

3. die Prüfung eines Prüfers stören;

4. den Bestimmungen des Art. 151, 1 zuwider Aktien erwerben oder zum Pfand nehmen oder entgegen den Bestimmungen des Art. 151, 2 Aktien einziehen;

5. entgegen den Bestimmungen des Art. 155, 1 Aktienscheine auf den Inhaber ausstellen;

6. den Bestimmungen des Art. 174, 2 oder den Bestimmungen des Art. 81 des Bürgerlichen Gesetzbuchs zuwider es unterlassen, den Antrag auf Eröffnung des Konkursverfahrens zu stellen;

7. den Bestimmungen der Art. 194 zuwider keine Reserve ansammeln oder entgegen den Bestimmungen des Art. 195, 1 oder 196 eine Verteilung vornehmen;

8. eine Aufforderung zur Übernahme von Schuldverschreibungen entgegen den Bestimmungen des Art. 200 erlassen;

9. einer in Gemäßheit der Bestimmungen des Art. 260 erlassenen Anordnung des Gerichts zuwiderhandeln;

10. innerhalb des in Art. 79* 2) des Bürgerlichen Gesetzbuchs bezeichneten Zeitraumes an einen Gläubiger erfüllen, oder entgegen den Bestimmungen des Art. 95 des Handelsgesetzbuchs Gesellschaftsvermögen verteilen.

Promoters, partners conducting the affairs of a company, directors, representatives of foreign companies, inspectors or liquidators are liable to a fine of from five yen to five hundred yen :—

1. If they fail to make any registration prescribed in this Book ;

2. If they fail to give any public notification or any notice prescribed in this Book, or if they give a false public notification or notice ;

3. If they without just reason do not allow any inspection of the papers which they are bound to allow according to the provisions of this Book ;

4. If they obstruct any enquiry provided for in this Book ;

5. If they commence to make preparations for opening business in contravention of the provisions of Art. 46 ;

6. If in violation of the provisions of Arts. 126, 2 and 238, 2 they omit to make out instruments of subscription or to enter therein particulars which should be entered, or if they make false entries ;

7. If they issue share certificates in contravention of the provisions of Art. 147, 1 or Art. 217, 2 ;

8. If they omit to enter in share or debenture certificates any particulars which should be entered, or if they make false entries ;

9. If they omit to keep at the principal office or at a branch office the company contract, the list of shareholders, the debenture list, the minutes of the resolutions passed at general meetings, the inventories, the balance-sheets, the business reports, the accounts of profits and losses, or the proposals concerning the reserve fund and the distribution of profits or interest ; or if they omit to enter therein particulars which should be entered, or if they make false entries ;

10. If in violation of the provisions of Art. 174, 1 or Art. 198, 2 they omit to call a general meeting of shareholders.

Promoters, partners conducting the affairs of a company, directors, representatives of foreign companies, inspectors or liquidators are liable to a fine of from ten yen to one thousand yen :—

1. If they make false statements to the public authorities or to a general meeting or conceal facts from them ;

2. If in contravention of the provisions of Arts. 78—80 they proceed with a consolidation, the disposal of the property of the company, a reduction of its capital or an alteration of its organization ;

3. If they obstruct any examination of the examiners ;

4. If in violation of the provisions of Art. 151, 1, they acquire shares or take them on pledge, or if in contravention of Art. 151, 2 they amortize shares ;

5. If in contravention of the provisions of Art.155,1 they issue share certificates to bearer ;

6. If in violation of Art. 174, 2 of this Code or of Art. 81 of the Civil Code they fail to apply for an adjudication in bankruptcy ;

7. If in violation of the provisions of Art. 194 they omit to set aside a reserve fund, or if they make a distribution in contravention of the provisions of Art. 195, 1 or Art. 196 ;

8. If they invite subscriptions for debentures in contravention of the provisions of Art. 200 ;

9. If they act in contravention of an order of the court made according to the provisions of Art. 260 ;

10. If they perform to a creditor within the period specified in Art. 79 of the Civil Code, or if in contravention of the provisions of Art. 95 of this Code they distribute property of the company.

Partners entitled to management and directors are liable to a fine of not less than 5 yen and not exceeding 50 yen in the following cases :—

i. If they fail to effect in the Commercial Register any entry in this Chapter prescribed ;

ii. If they commence business operations before registration.

Directors of joint-stock companies are liable to a fine of not less than 5 yen and not exceeding 50 yen in the following cases :—

i. If they fail to keep a list of shareholders, or keep the same incorrectly ;

ii. If, in the event of dissolution of the company, they fail to convene a general meeting, or fail to communicate the fact of dissolution to the shareholders.

Directors of joint-stock companies are liable to a fine of not less than 20 yen and not exceeding 200 yen in the following cases:—

i. If they repay the amount of a share in whole or in part in contravention of the provisions of Article 216 ;

ii. If, in contravention of the provisions of Article 217, they acquire for the company its own shares, take them in pledge, or fail to sell them publicly:

iii. If they pay interest or dividends to shareholders in contravention of the provisions of Articles 218 and 219 ;

iv. If, in the case of Article 225, they obstruct the examination of the state of the treasury and assets of the company, of its books and all its papers, or refuse to give the information required.

The penalty in this Article prescribed applies also to partners entitled to management and to directors of a limited partnership, if they pay interest or dividends to partners in contravention of the provisions of Article 153.

The liquidators of joint-stock companies are liable to a fine of not less than 10 yen and not exceeding 100 yen in the following cases:—

i. If they fail to issue the advertisement in Article 243 prescribed ;

ii. If, in contravention of the provisions of Article 253, they fail to cause proceedings in bankruptcy to be instituted.

Liquidators of joint-stock companies are liable to a fine of not less than 20 yen and not exceeding 200 yen in the following cases :—

i. If they make any payment to creditors in contravention of the provisions of Article 244 ;

ii. If they distribute assets amongst the shareholders in contravention of the provisions of Article 249.

Partners entitled to management, directors, inspectors or liquidators are in the following cases, liable to a penalty of not less than 50 yen and not exceeding 500 yen, and in cases of an aggravated character are in addition liable to be punished with major imprisonment for a period not exceeding one year:—

i. If they knowingly make, orally or in writing, to the authorities or to a general meeting any false statement concerning the present condition of the property or the course of business of the partnership or company or, with dishonest intent conceal such condition or course of business ;

ii. If in any notice or advertisement they make any false statement, or conceal the true facts of the case.

Officers and assistants of a partnership or company, other than those aforementioned, who are concerned with them in the commission of the said offences are also liable to the said punishment.